Πόλορστ, όχι ότι πολυπιστεύω τον Εθνολόγο (γιατί σε διάδοση
24 πρώτες γλώσσες (περιλαμβάνονται οι κάτοχοι επάρκειας στη γλώσσα) και δυμαμική τα γαλλικά είναι πολύ πιο σημαντικά από την 5η θέση) αλλά ας υπάρχει κι αυτό το βικιλίνκ. Πα ντε προμπλέμ.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnologue_list_of_most-spoken_languages
Ethnologue list of most-spoken languages
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This list gives the
most spoken languages in the world according to the Ethnologue, a widely cited reference for languages around the world. The Ethnologue is sometimes criticised for using out-of-date data, but there is no available fully authoritative source for numbers of
first language speakers which uses the same criteria for counting in each case. Another tendency of the Ethnologue is to separate what many others (sometimes including speakers of the varieties) consider to be single languages: see for example comments in this article on English and German.
This list, based on the 16th edition (2009), aims to count first language speakers only (though there are some difficulties with this criterion, as with any other, caused by issues such as
multilingualism, differing perceptions of
cultural identity and the questions of when language varieties are to be considered different languages or
dialects). It also counts
macrolanguages, as defined by the Ethnologue, such that Chinese and Arabic are counted as united languages rather than by the varieties also listed, such as
Mandarin Chinese or
Egyptian Arabic. The year bracketed next to the number of speakers is the year given in the Ethnologue for when the data was taken (for the country with most speakers).
Ranking by number of native speakers
Language
Number of speakers
Where spoken natively by more than 5% of the population or listed as an
official language in the countries' constitutionComments
1
Chinese1,205m
People's Republic of China (including self-governing
Special Administrative Regions),
Republic of China (
Taiwan),
Malaysia,
Singapore,
IndonesiaThis figure includes all varieties of Chinese such as Mandarin and Yue, which are not necessarily mutually intelligible
2
Spanish429m
Argentina,
Belize,
Bolivia,
Chile,
Colombia,
Costa Rica,
Cuba,
Dominican Republic,
Ecuador,
El Salvador,
Equatorial Guinea,
Guatemala,
Honduras,
Mexico,
Nicaragua,
Panama,
Paraguay,
Peru,
Puerto Rico,
Spain,
United States,
Uruguay,
Venezuela,
Andorra,
Western Sahara.
3
English428m
United Kingdom,
United States,
India,
Canada,
Australia,
South Africa,
New Zealand,
Ireland,
British Overseas Territories,
Singapore,
Malaysia,
Belize,
Bermuda,
Gibraltar,
Northern Mariana Islands,
Antigua and Barbuda,
Grenada,
The Bahamas,
Barbados,
Guam,
Cayman Islands,
Philippines,
Pakistan,
Trinidad and Tobago,
Malta,
Hong Kong,
Botswana,
Cameroon,
Nigeria,
Zimbabwe,
British overseas territories<
Also see List of countries by English-speaking populationDoes not include significant populations in countries such as Jamaica and Guyana, where speakers are said to speak creoles. British Overseas Territories include places such as Falklands Islands, Ascension Island etc. See,
List of countries by English-speaking population.
4
Hindi382m (Kariboli only)
India,
Nepal,
Bangladesh,
Singapore, and in parts of
United States,
Canada,
United Kingdom.
Speakers of the main Khariboli dialect. Indian census (2001) figure is 422m, and represents all Hindi dialects, which the Ethnologue deems mutually unintelligible. Hindi and Urdu are considered as separate languages although they are mutually intelligible when used in everyday conversation. They are written in two different scripts.
5
French300m (2005)
Belgium,
Benin,
Burkina Faso,
Burundi,
Cameroon,
Canada,
Central African Republic,
Chad,
Channel Islands,
Comoros,
Republic of the Congo,
Democratic Republic of Congo,
Côte d'Ivoire,
Djibouti,
Equatorial Guinea,
France,
French Guiana,
French Polynesia,
Gabon,
Guinea,
Lebanon,
Luxembourg,
Madagascar,
Mali,
Morocco,
Niger,
Rwanda,
Senegal,
Switzerland,
Togo,
Vanuatu,
Andorra,
Grenada,
French overseas territoriesFigure does include significant populations in countries such as Haiti and Mauritius, where speakers are said to speak creoles. 14th edition (2000) gives 77m total.
6
Arabic258m
Egypt,
Algeria,
Morocco,
Iraq,
Sudan,
Saudi Arabia,
Yemen,
Syria,
Tunisia,
Libya,
Lebanon,
Jordan,
Mauritania,
Palestinian territories,
Israel,
Oman,
United Arab Emirates,
Chad,
Kuwait,
Bahrain,
Qatar,
Djibouti,
Somalia,
Western SaharaFigure from all varieties of Arabic, which are not necessarily mutually intelligible
7
Malay/Indonesian260m
Indonesia,
Malaysia,
Brunei,
Singapore,
Southern Thailand, Southern Philippines,
East TimorFigure from Malay and Indonesian
8
Portuguese240m
Brazil,
Portugal,
Mozambique,
Angola,
Cape Verde,
Goa,
Macau,
East Timor,
Guinea-Bissau
9
Bengali193m
Bangladesh,
India
10
Russian144m
Russia,
Ukraine,
Kazakhstan,
Uzbekistan,
Belarus,
Kyrgyzstan,
Latvia,
Israel,
Moldova,
Azerbaijan,
Georgia,
Estonia,
Lithuania,
Turkmenistan
11
Japanese122m
Japan
12
Standard German101m (1994)
Germany,
Austria,
Switzerland,
Liechtenstein,
Luxembourg,
Belgium (
German-speaking community of Belgium),
Italy (
Province of Bolzano-Bozen)
This figure seems to include Swiss German, even though this is listed under a different code. Ethnologue divides "German" into 18 dialects[1] (Middle and Upper German, not including Low German and Yiddish), totalling to 114.2 million. Including Yiddish and Northern Low Saxon, the total is 118 million.
13
Punjabi88.5m (2000)
India,
PakistanPunjabi is the most spoken language of Pakistan 44.15% Pakistanis speak Punjabi as their native language and a large number of Punjabi also reside in India. Western/Pakistani Punjabi: 61–62 million, Eastern/Indian Punjabi: 27 million (2000 WCD)
14
Javanese75.5m (1989)
Indonesia,
Suriname,
Malaysia
15
Telugu69.7m (1997)
India
16
Marathi68m (1997)
India
17
Vietnamese67.4m (1999)
Vietnam
18
Korean67m (1986)
South Korea,
North Korea
19
Tamil66m (1997)
India,
Sri Lanka,
Malaysia,
Singapore,
Maldives,
CanadaTamil got the official status in
Sri Lanka,
Malaysia and
Singapore.The count does not include significant populations in countries such as
Germany,
UK,
United States and
South Africa
20
Italian65.5m
Italy,
Vatican City,
Croatia,
Malta,
San Marino,
Slovenia,
Switzerland,
Eritrea,
SomaliaPopulation includes the entire population of Italy which comprises native bilinguals of Italian and regional varieties. Sicilian and Sardinian are included. All of Sicily and Sardinia speak Italian, as well, as they are part of Italy.
